BioVector® Mycoplasma pneumoniae ATCC 29342 菌株 / BioVector® Mycoplasma pneumoniae ATCC 29342 Strain

通用定义 / General Definition:

BioVector® Mycoplasma pneumoniae ATCC 29342（又称 M129 菌株）是肺炎支原体的国际标准参考菌株及全基因组测序模式株。作为柔膜菌纲 (Mollicutes) 的一员，它天然缺乏细胞壁。该菌株是人类原发性非典型肺炎（又称“行走性肺炎”）的主要致病原。它通过其特殊的顶端结构（主要依赖 P1 黏附蛋白）附着在宿主呼吸道上皮细胞上，引起纤毛停滞和细胞损伤。在代谢途径上，与依赖精氨酸的人型支原体不同，ATCC 29342 主要通过发酵葡萄糖来获取能量，产生乳酸和乙酸。

BioVector® Mycoplasma pneumoniae ATCC 29342 (also known as strain M129) is the internationally recognized reference strain and the whole-genome sequenced type model for Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Belonging to the class Mollicutes, it is characterized by its natural lack of a rigid cell wall. This strain is a primary causative agent of primary atypical pneumonia (often referred to as "walking pneumonia") in humans. It attaches to host respiratory epithelium via a specialized terminal organelle (heavily reliant on the P1 adhesin protein), causing ciliostasis and cellular damage. Metabolically, unlike the arginine-hydrolyzing Mycoplasma hominis, ATCC 29342 derives energy primarily through the fermentation of glucose, yielding lactic and acetic acids.

BioVector® ATCC 29342 技术说明书 (Technical Datasheet)

中文版说明书 (Chinese Datasheet)

1. 产品基本信息

• 产品名称： BioVector® 肺炎支原体 (Mycoplasma pneumoniae) ATCC 29342

• 其他编号： M129 菌株 (Subtype 1)

• 形态特征： 具有多形性（球状、细丝状或带有特殊的“瓶颈”状顶端附着细胞器），由于无细胞壁，革兰氏染色无效。

• 主要毒力因子： P1 黏附素 (P1 Adhesin)、社区获得性呼吸道窘迫综合征 (CARDS) 毒素、过氧化氢分泌。

2. 培养条件

• 基础培养基： BioVector® SP4 葡萄糖肉汤或琼脂（如 ATCC Medium 2611），必须富含血清和酵母提取物。

• 代谢指示： 培养基中含葡萄糖和酚红。由于其发酵葡萄糖产酸，培养基的 pH 值会下降，颜色会由红色/橙色变为黄色。

• 大气环境： 液体培养可好氧进行；固体平板必须在 5% $CO_2$ 环境下培养。

• 培养温度： 37 摄氏度。

3. 菌株应用

• 疫苗与药物研发： 作为评估大环内酯类（如阿奇霉素）、氟喹诺酮类和四环素类抗生素体外抑菌效果 (MIC) 的金标准菌株。

• 致病机制研究： 研究 P1 黏附蛋白介导的细胞粘附机制及 CARDS 毒素对气道上皮细胞的致病性。

• 分子诊断开发： 提取高质量的基因组 DNA，用于呼吸道多重 PCR 检测试剂盒的研发、验证与质控。

4. 注意事项

• 生长极度缓慢： 肺炎支原体生长非常缓慢，液体培养通常需要 1 到 3 周才开始显现指示剂变色。液体通常不会出现明显的浑浊。

• 传代时机： 当液体培养基颜色从红色变为橙色或浅黄色时为最佳传代或冻存时机。一旦完全变黄，培养基过酸会导致细胞迅速死亡。

English Datasheet

1. General Product Information

• Product Name: BioVector® Mycoplasma pneumoniae ATCC 29342

• Alternative Designations: Strain M129 (Subtype 1)

• Morphology: Highly pleomorphic (spherical, filamentous, or flask-shaped with a specialized terminal attachment organelle). Unresponsive to Gram staining.

• Key Virulence Factors: P1 Adhesin, Community-Acquired Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) toxin, and secretion of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$).

2. Culture Conditions

• Basal Media: BioVector® SP4 Glucose Broth or Agar (e.g., ATCC Medium 2611), heavily supplemented with animal serum and yeast extract.

• Growth Indicator: Contains glucose and phenol red. Fermentation of glucose produces acid, lowering the pH and causing a color shift from red/orange to yellow.

• Environment: Liquid cultures can be grown aerobically; agar plates require a 5% $CO_2$ atmosphere to prevent drying and maintain optimal pH.

• Incubation Temperature: 37°C.

3. Applications

• Antimicrobial Research: Serves as the gold-standard reference strain for testing the in vitro susceptibility (MIC assays) of macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines.

• Pathogenesis Studies: Investigating host-cell interactions, specifically the structural biology of the attachment organelle and the cellular damage induced by CARDS toxin.

• Assay Standardization: Providing molecular-grade nucleic acids to validate and calibrate multiplex respiratory PCR panels.

4. Key Usage Notes

• Prolonged Incubation:M. pneumoniae is exceptionally slow-growing. Broth cultures may take 7 to 21 days to show metabolic activity. Expected growth presents as a color change, not macroscopic turbidity.

• Harvest Timing: The optimal window for subculturing or cryopreservation is when the medium turns orange to light yellow. If the medium becomes bright yellow, the low pH will rapidly induce cell death.

注意 / Note: 在固体琼脂上，ATCC 29342 形成的菌落极其微小（通常 < 0.1 mm），往往不像其他支原体那样呈现典型的“油煎蛋”形态，而是表现为致密的球形或颗粒状。必须使用立体显微镜 (10x - 40x) 才能进行形态学观察和菌落计数。

On solid agar, colonies of ATCC 29342 are microscopic (typically < 0.1 mm) and often lack the classic "fried-egg" appearance seen in other Mycoplasma species, instead appearing as dense, granular spheres. A stereomicroscope (10x - 40x magnification) is strictly required for morphological observation and colony counting.

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